The Clinical Significance of Hematological Parameters as a Marker of Disease Activity in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

Abstract

Purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that impacts the body’s connective tissues and is characterized by a propensity to flare up. This study intended to demonstrate the predictive power of hematological markers for determining the disease activity of Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE).

Patients and Methods: The study involved 50 jSLE children and 50 apparently healthy controls. All children were exposed to clinical examinations, and a complete blood count was performed. Hematological parameters, including neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and red cell distribution width/platelet ratio (RPR), were directly calculated from the measured values. The organ function tests and immunological markers were collected from patients’ files. Disease activity was assessed serologically and by the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2k).

Results: Hematological parameters NLR, PLR and RPR were considerably raised among jSLE patients than controls, and in patients with active than inactive disease. Also, NLR, PLR and RPR were correlated with disease activity assessed serologically and by the SLEDAI-2k. In the multivariate analysis, higher lymphocyte levels were identified as a negative predictor of disease activity (odds ratio (OR)=0.776), and the increased NLR, PLR and RPR were identified as positive predictors of disease activity (OR=1.8, 1.78 and 1.96, respectively).

Conclusion: NLR, PLR, and RPR can serve as simple, inexpensive and readily available biomarkers for indicating jSLE disease activity.

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