Pregnancy and Non-Valvular Heart Disease: Anesthetic Considerations

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 prof. of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine-Benha University

2 Professor of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine- Benha University

3 Professor of Anesthesia and Intensive Care

4 Anesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine- Benha University

Abstract

Although the incidence of cardiac disease in pregnancy remained more or less unchanged (0.1–4%), maternal mortality has decreased from 6% in the 1930s, to 0.5% to 2.7%. Pregnancy increases the maternal mortality risk in cardiac patients as compared with the general pregnant population, and actual risk depends on the underlying cardiac disease. The aim of this study was to determine the non-valvular heart disease in pregnancy and anesthetic considerations in the peripartum period. Ischemic heart disease (IHD), is the term given to heart problems caused by narrowed heart (coronary) arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. Most people with early (less than 50 percent narrowing) IHD do not experience symptoms or limitation of blood flow. The goals of anesthetic management during labor and delivery in pregnant women with heart disease include analgesia, hemodynamic monitoring, optimizing cardiovascular and respiratory functions by manipulating various hemodynamic factors and tailoring anesthetic technique for maternal and fetal well-being, and resuscitation including airway and ventilatory management if need arises.

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